All about types of rape

1.    Rape generally encompasses nonconsensual vaginal, anal, or oral penetration that involves force or threat of force (physical or psychological), lack of consent, or inability to provide consent because of age, intoxication, or mental status

2.    Rape is categorized according to the relationship between the perpetrator and the victim.

1.    Stranger rape describes nonconsensual sexual penetration between individuals who do not know each other before the sexual act

2.    Acquaintance rape describes nonconsensual sexual penetration between individuals who know each other in some capacity before the sexual act

Date rape is a subset of acquaintance rape in which nonconsensual sexual penetration occurs between two people who are in a romantic relationship. Date rape can occur when the victim is alert and rational or irrational, semiconscious, or unable to respond due to alcohol or other drug use. Verbal coercion, threats or use of physical force, or the use of alcohol or illicit drugs may occur as precipitating events. [Source Uptodate]

17-year-old raped by two in Delhi on December 31 night: How to prevent getting drugged

As most of the sedatives and date drugs are easily available, the onus lies on us to protect ourselves. Here are a few tips:

1. Don't accept any drinks from other people, except trusted friends

2. Open containers yourself

3. Keep your drink with you at all times, even when you go to the bathroom

4. Don't share drinks

5. Don't drink from punch bowls or other large, common, open containers. They may already have drugs in them

6. Don't drink anything that tastes or smells strange. Sometimes, GHB tastes salty.

7. Have a non-drinking friend with you to make sure nothing happens (if you are consuming alcohol).

8. If you think that you have been drugged and raped: Go to the police station or hospital right away. Get a urine (pee) test as soon as possible. The drugs leave your system quickly. Rohypnol leaves your body 72 hours after you take it. GHB leaves the body in 12 hours. Don't urinate before getting help. Don't douche, bathe, or change clothes before getting help. These things may give evidence of the rape.

Tribute to Dr B.D. Triguna

Padma Vibhushan Awardee Dr. BD Triguna, a giant in the field of Ayurved, passed away on 1st January, 2013 in the evening hours. He was 95 years and still active in the practice of Ayurved.

My association with him goes back to the era when Dr. Deepak Chopra was actively associated with Maharshi Mahesh Yogi. Maharshi Mahesh Yogi fell sick and developed acute pancreatitis and was treated in his house at Golf Link which was converted into a mini ICU. Late Dr. (Col.) KL Chopra, Dr. Deepak Chopra, myself, Dr. HK and Trigunaji were treating him.

One day I just showed him my hand, he checked my pulse and said that I was suffering from a severe acidity which was true. Once he saw a person in my presence, checked his pulse and said that he had stone in the right ureter and the person was surprised as he had no symptoms. When he got himself investigated, it was there.

He was a master of Ayurved pulse diagnosis. With him an era in Ayurved practice has been lost. May God put his soul into peace and give courage to his family including my friend Devender, also Padma Bhushan Awardee to bear the loss!


Dr. KK Aggarwal
Padmashri & Dr. BC Roy National Awardee

Hillary Clinton being treated for transverse sinus venous thrombosis

1.   Cerebral (brain) venous thrombosis is uncommon occurring in 1/lac population

2.   It is more common in neonates and children than in adults. In adults it is more common in women than men.

3.   The mean age of onset is 39 years old.

4.   Thrombosis of cerebral veins or dural sinus leads to increased venous and capillary pressure, which in turn leads to brain swelling, venous hemorrhage, and/or ischemia with cytotoxic edema.

5.   Occlusion of dural sinus causes decreased brain cerebrospinal fluid absorption and elevated brain pressure.

6.   Risk factors are hypercoagulable states, oral contraceptives, pregnancy, cancer, infection and head injury.

7.   The onset can be acute, subacute, or chronic.

8.   Headache is the most frequent symptom, occurring in 90% cases

9.   Other symptoms are focal neurologic deficits, focal or generalized fits, altered mental status, stupor, or coma.

10.       Brain MRI with MR venography is diagnostic

11.       Head CT scan is normal in up to 30 percent of  cases

12.             CT venography is a useful alternative to MR venography.

13.       There is complete recovery in 80 percent of patients.

14.       5% die in acute illness and 10% die over a period of time

15.       The main cause of acute death is brain herniation.

16.       Recurrence rate is 2 to 4 percent.

17.            Treatment is blood thinners initially with subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin or intravenous heparin followed with oral warfarin for 3-12 months

Punishment to Rapist

1.       One needs to distinguish between Paraphiliac and non-paraphiliac rapists. Paraphiliac rapists have excessive sexual desire. Paraphiliac offenders commit sex offences because they are sexually aroused by the act. On the other hand, non-paraphiliac sex offenders are instigated by violations or ego-hurt or for taking revenge.

2.       False allegations of rapes can occur in situations like: if one of the partners in live-in relationship refuses to marry, if two consensual partners are caught in the sexual act by the society, someone exploits secrete of the other person.

3.       Under the influence of alcohol one loses intellect and may end up in raping somebody if instigated.

4.       Chemical castration is reversible and the effect of the injection lasts only 3-6 months. The injections are costly and need to be given by medical doctors.

5.       Chemical castration in the long run leads to thinning of the bone (osteoporosis), feminine characteristic and increased tendency for cardiovascular diseases.

6.       Chemical castration drugs are not safe and healthy.

7.     In long run influential people convicted for chemical castration will start paying bribes to doctors and get a water injection in place of chemical castration injection.

8.       Chemical castration does not mean dissolving the male organ with a chemical. It only means reducing the blood testosterone levels to that of pre-puberty levels.

9.        Non-injectible oral drugs which block the action of testosterone are costlier and need to be taken every day. Therefore, they cannot be a part of chemical castration as punishment.

10.       Surgical removal of testis will remove sexual desire permanently and the same can only be given as a punishment in patients who are spending life-term in the prison.

11. Depoprovera is another injection which can be given every three months to patients with paraphiliac sexual abnormality.

12. Deprivation of sex and non-fulfillment of sexual desires is one of the main causes of rapes.

13.   If female commercial sex workers are banned in the society, the incidents of rape will increase as sexually deprived people with strong sexual urges will end up raping the minors.

 14.  People under the influence of alcohol and drugs will keep raping the girls if not treated and counseled in time. 

 Dr K K Aggarwal is Padmashri and Dr B C Roy National Awardee, President Heart Care Foundation of India and National Vice President Elect IMA

Alcohol Takes Your Power Of Judgment Away

Alcohol Takes Your Power Of Judgment Away

Under the influence of alcohol, you may lose your power of judgment. I recall one of my friends who shot himself under the influence of alcohol after his wife refused to cook food for him and his friends at 11 pm. When he said, “mujhe khana do nahin to mein khood ko shoot kar lunga”, to which she said, “shoot kar lo” and he shot himself.

Under the influence of alcohol, your crime becomes less severe. In the present gang rape case, all the accused persons were under the influence of alcohol but they were not caught at the same time. If they were caught with alcohol in their blood, their crime would have become less severe than what it would have been if alcohol was not found.

If alcohol is the major culprit than the person who invites people to drink alcohol should be punished as he was very well aware that he was inviting others to drink alcohol and after drinking alcohol, when they lose their judgment power and they may misbehave with others and indulge in violence.

If you invite people at home for alcohol party, it is your duty:

i. Not to serve more than 80 ml of alcohol

ii. Not to serve alcohol to people who have come without drivers and are going to drive back

iii. Or take their keys in your possession and get they dropped after the party

iv. Never serve alcohol to drivers and other peoples who are going to drive.

Drunken man is like a snake or an injured lion. Never heart ego of a person who is under the influence of alcohol. He may hurt you. In Ayurveda, there are three types of people Vata Pitta and Kapha. People with Vata personality can get drunk with limited amount of alcohol and people with Kapha personality can be sober even after a large drink of alcohol.

Under the influence of alcohol a person usually does not speak a lie and hence starts speaking truth which can provoke others if it does not go well with them.

However, if a drunken man commits a crime or is confronted with a powerful muscular man or a policeman, he often comes back to his senses.

Preventing Death Due To Hypothermia

Preventing Death Due To Hypothermia

People can die of hypothermia in this season. Imagine a situation when you come across two people lying in a JJ cluster area with no clothes early in the morning. One of them is shivering and the other one is not. The one who is shivering indicates that his body is trying to compensate with the low body co-temperature.

The other one, who is not shivering, may be dead, dying or normal.

Recall your naturopathy teaching “Sar Thanda, Pet Naram and Paon Garam”. If the sole of the feet and the feet are cold and the person is not shivering, this is a medical emergency. On the contrary, if the person is not shivering and the feet are warm, it is not medical emergency.

Therefore, hypothermia with no shivering and hyperthermia with no sweating are bad signs.