When the blood pressure or blood cholesterol levels of large groups of people are plotted on a graph against heart disease mortality, it often results in a J-shaped curve.
This curve shows that those with higher blood pressure and/or cholesterol levels, closer to the top of the curve, are more likely to die from heart disease.
The curve also shows that those at the lowest end of the curve (with very low blood pressure and/or cholesterol levels) also have increased heart disease mortality, which accounts for the J shape.
This is known as the J-curve phenomenon.
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