Showing posts with label paralysis. Show all posts
Showing posts with label paralysis. Show all posts

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Malaysia Reports Vaccine Derived Polio VDPV1: Need to Switch to IPV and Stop OPV


Malaysia Reports Vaccine Derived Polio VDPV1: Need to Switch to IPV and Stop OPV

Dr KK Aggarwal
President CMAAO and HCFI

AP: KUALA LUMPUR - Malaysia began a vaccination campaign in a rural town on Borneo island after a 3-month-old boy was confirmed to have vaccine derived polio after 27 years.
               

The infant from Tuaran town in Sabah state tested positive for polio on Friday after he was hospitalized with fever and muscle weakness.

Poliovirus is classified as a circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 1 (VDPV1), which originates from a poliovirus that has been weakened by the orally-administered polio vaccine.

Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV) are Sabin (OPV) virus derivatives that circulate in settings of low population immunity (eg, with low immunization rates) and revert to neurovirulence with ongoing transmission.

The emergence of VDPV requires that use of all OPV vaccines must cease in order to achieve the goal of global poliomyelitis eradication.

Malaysia is the second Asian country to have reported a vaccine derived polio case after an outbreak in the Philippines in September.

Tests showed the baby's strain had genetic links to the vaccine derived polio virus detected in Philippines.

The strain originated from a weakened virus contained in oral polio vaccine that was excreted from the body through feces and believed to have spread in an unsanitary environment to those who haven't been immunized.
              

Concerns

1.     Since 2005, approximately 80 percent of cases occurring during cVDPV outbreaks have been caused by type 2 OPV virus. The recognition of cVDPVs dictates that all OPV use will need to cease to achieve full polio eradication.

2.     This case is VDPV1

3.     Each use of OPV2 response to a VDPV2 outbreak carries a risk of seeding new VDPV2 outbreaks. Therefore, timely control of VDPV2 outbreaks in the context of a growing cohort of children who do not have immunity to type 2 poliovirus is critical to the success of polio eradication.

4.     The present immunisation should be IPV and not OPV

More inputs are invited


Tuesday, June 4, 2013

Amongst celebrities why do only cine stars commit suicide and not cricketers or politicians: What can be done to prevent them?

Actress Jiah Khan dies

The death of Jiah Khan, the film actress, reopens up the debate on cine star celebrity deaths. Why do so many suicides occur in the film Industry? Despite similar failure rates, there are no suicides in politics or in cricket.

In cricket, we see cricketers under stress, they even lose their place in the team for years and yet they do not go in depression. The reasons may be the presence of a counselor in every team and opportunities to play in domestic games.

Will the film industry come out with guidelines for suicide and stress prevention?

We have seen cases of Raj Kiran and Parveen Babi (56) who were reported missing for years and nobody bothered. The same never happens in cricket. Parveen Babi was later found dead in her flat.

 In the past, many (eight) cine celebrities have committed suicides.  These include Guru Dutt (39), Divya Bharti (19), Nafisa Joseph (26), Kuljeet Randhwa (30), Kunal Singh (31), Silk Smitha (35), Viveka Babajee (37) and now Jiah Khan (25).

So is celebrity status a risk factor for suicide? 

Suicides are also common in medical profession but not in nursing profession. They are hardly seen in cricketing celebrities.   

Lifestyle disorders, including heart attack, diabetes, paralysis, liver disease, kidney disease and cancer are still the commonest causes of death amongst celebrities. 

·         KL Sehgal (42), Geeta Dutt (41) and Meena Kumari (39) died of alcohol-related liver diseases.

·         12 celebrities died of cancer: Nazia Hassan 35 (lung cancer), Nargis 51 and Jatin Kanakia 46 (cancer pancreas), Jennifer Kapoor 51, Nutan 54, Rehman 58 (throat cancer), Rajender Kumar 69, Firoze Khan 69, Prithvi Raj Kapoor 70, Mac Mohan 72 (lung cancer), Shamim Desai (stomach cancer), Sujit Kumar 75.

·         Both Jagjeet Singh 70 and Amrish Puri 72 died of brain hemorrhage.

·         Actors who died because of heart disease: Madhubala 36 (hole in the heart), Bob Cristo 72 (rupture of heart); heart attack: Simple Kapadia 51, Mohd. Rafi 55, Mohan Gokhale 45, Sanjeev Kumar 47, Vivek Shauq 47, Shafi Inamdar 47, Nirmal Pandey 48, Amjad Khan 51, Mukesh 53, RD Burman 54, Kishore Kumar 58, Ravi Baswani 63, Prem Nath 65, Naveen Nishchol 65, Hemant Kumar 69, Suchitra Mitra 86, Dev Anand 88, MF Hussain 85, Vinod Mehra 45, Sunil Dutt 75, Abir Goswami 37, Surinder Kapoor 85, Praveen Babi 55 (diabetes and heart disease) and Rituparno Ghosh 50.

·         Mazhar Khan 45 and Shammi Kapoor 79 died due to kidney failure.

·         Only three died of infections: Geeta Bali 36 due to small pox, Bhimsen Joshi 89 and Jagmohan Mundra 62 due to pneumonia.

·         Only two celebrities were murdered: Gulshan Kumar 41 and Priya Rajvansh 63.

·         There was only one pregnancy-related death: Smita Patil 31.

·         Two died of prolonged illness: Mani Kaul 66 and Goga Kapoor 70.

·         One died of multi organ failure: Bhupen Hazarika 85.
Out of 61 celebrity deaths collected so far,  25 died of heart disease, 12 died of cancer, 3 died of liver disease, 2 of brain attack, 2 with prolonged illness, one pregnancy-related, 3 infections, 8 suicides, 2, kidney failures, 2 murders and one multiorgan failure. 

On the other hand, amongst politicians a large number of them have died of unnatural deaths but there are no suicides. The number one cause of death however remains heart attacks or lifestyle illnesses.

Politicians who have died in air crashes include Netaji Subhash Chander Bose (alleged to have died in a plane crash), Homi J. Bhaba, S. Mohan Kr. Mangalam, Sanjay Gandhi, Ashok Birla, Surendra Nath, Madhav Rao Scindia, GMC Balyogi, OP Jindal, YSR Reddy and Dorjee Khandu. Three died in road accidents, Rajesh Pilot, Sahib Singh Verma and Giani Zail Singh.

Eleven politicians who have died of a heart attack are Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru 74, Zakir Hussain 72, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed 71, Lal Bahadur Shastri 61, Krishna Kant 75, Dr. BC Roy 80, Dayanand Bandodkar 62, G Ramachandran 70, Sarojini Naidu 70, PV Narsimha Rao 83 and Arjun Singh 80.

Most cine celebrities died of heart attack before the age of 50 and none of the politicians died of heart attack before the age of 50.

Many politicians were assassinated: Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi, LN Mishra, Mahatma Gandhi, Beant Singh, Phoolan Devi and Abdul Gani Lone.

Only two politicians died of cancer: Shri VP Singh and Chandra Shekhar (blood cancer)

One politician died of surgical complications: Sikandar Bakht and one died of multi organ disease: S. Venkataraman.

No suicidal deaths have been seen in cricketers or in politicians.


Monday, July 18, 2011